Stainless U bend tubes
Stainless U bend tubes are made of stainless steel and are bent in a U-shape to redirect the flow of liquids or gases in a piping system.
U-shaped Monel 400 tubes are a specific type of tubing made from a nickel-copper alloy known as Monel 400.
Monel alloy 400 is a high strength, corrosion resistant nickel alloy. It is incredibly versatile with a range of applications, including the marine and chemical processing industry. We’ll take a look at the properties, applications and chemical composition that make Monel 400 unique.
Monel 400, also known as Alloy 400, is a nickel alloy supplied by NeoNickel. It has a high percentage of copper, which makes it so corrosion resistant.
An alloy is made by combining a metal with one or more alloying elements to give it enhanced properties. Monel 400 is a nickel-copper alloy, featuring more copper than other nickel alloys.
Nickel
Nickel is the base metal of Monel 400, meaning it makes up the majority of its composition. Indeed, it makes up 63-70%. This high percentage of nickel also makes it resistant to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking.
Copper
Copper is the second largest element and makes up 28-34% of its chemical composition. Copper is a highly corrosion resistant metal, so enhances the corrosion resistance of Monel 400.
Iron
Iron makes up between 0-2.5% of Monel 400, and contributes to its mechanical strength and overall stability.
Other Elements
Alloy 400 contains trace amounts of other elements including manganese (0-2%), silicon (0-0.5%), carbon (0-0.3%) and sulphur (0-0.024%).
The following table describes the properties of Monel 400. Relative to other similar metals, it unusually is strong and corrosion-resistant.
Corrosion Resistant
Monel 400 demonstrates excellent corrosion resistance to a range of media, including seawater, hydroflouric acid, fluorine, sulphuric acid and alkalis. In fact, it is one of only a few alloys that can be used with hydrofluoric acid and fluorine. Its high nickel content also makes it immune to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking.
High Strength
Alloy 400 is also high strength, even at extreme temperatures. It maintains its structural integrity, making it suitable for high stress or pressure applications. From sub-zero temperatures to 549°C, you can count on it to maintain good mechanical properties.
Good Ductility
Monel 400 has good ductility, which allows it to be shaped into various forms. Here at NeoNickel, Alloy 400 is available as round bar, round tubing, pipe, pipe fittings, flanges, sheet and plate. The ability to buy Alloy 400 in so many forms means it can be used for almost anything.
Low Cost
Monel 400 is a great low cost alternative to some of the pricier nickel alloys, whilst offering similar properties and performance.
Monel 400 is a corrosion-resistant material that offers excellent resistance to a wide range of corrosive environments, including seawater and various acids. It also exhibits high strength and good mechanical properties at both high and low temperatures.
U-shaped Monel 400 tubes are typically used in heat exchangers, condensers, and other similar applications where a U-shaped configuration is required. The U-shape allows for efficient heat transfer and can be advantageous in situations where space is limited or where a compact design is desired.
These tubes are often manufactured by bending straight Monel 400 tubes into a U-shape using specialized bending equipment. The bending process is carefully controlled to ensure that the tubes maintain their mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy.
U-shaped Monel 400 tubes can be found in a variety of industries, including chemical processing, marine, oil and gas, and power generation. They are valued for their corrosion resistance, high strength, and ability to withstand extreme temperatures.
Monel 400® pipe meets the requirements of numerous industrial, international, MIL-SPEC, and other specifications. These include:
Monel 400 is resistant to a range of chemicals, including hydroflouric acid, fluorine, sulphuric acid and alkalis. It is therefore often the alloy of choice in the chemical processing industry. It is used in pumps, pipes, valves and pressure vessels. It is a cost effective option for this industry, which means they won’t have to replace parts as often due to corrosion.
Like the chemical processing industry, the oil and gas industry deal with a range of corrosive substances. Monel 400 is one of the few alloys that can handle this. It can also handle harsh seawater conditions, so it is often used in subwater applications.
Seawater can corrode most metals quickly, like iron or stainless steel. Because of its corrosion resistance to seawater, Alloy 400 is often used in marine engineering.That can include use on submarines, underwater pipes and valves.
Monel 400 can also be used in the aerospace industry, although this is less common. This is because of its ability to withstand extreme temperatures, from the subzero to 500°C+. It is often used in aircraft fuel tanks, exhaust systems and landing gear components.
Monel 400 is a low cost, corrosion resistant nickel alloy. It is often the alloy of choice for the chemical processing industry and subsea applications, due to its exceptional corrosion resistance. It can be used in places that other alloys simply cannot.
The semi-finished product for U bend tubes are heat exchanger tubes, manufactured and supplied according to DIN 28180 and ASTM A179.
Tubes for heat exchangers are made of steel according to:
| Standard | Application |
|---|---|
| ASTM A179 | Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes |
| ASTM A192 | Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High-Pressure Service |
| ASTM A210 | Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes |
| ASTM A213 | seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger Tubes |
| ASTM A334 | Seamless Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service and other Applications with Required Notch Toughness |
| JIS G3461/2 | carbon steel tubes used for heat exchange in boilers, heat exchangers, condensers, and similar equipment |
| EN10216-1/2 | specified the standard of cold processed precision steel tubes in a wide range of sizes |
| DIN17175 | seamless tubes for high-pressure and high-temperature applications, specifically for boilers and heat exchangers |
| Standard | Grade | Chemical Components (%) | Mechanical Properties | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Mo | Cr | V | T.S. (Mpa) | Y.S. (Mpa) | E.L. (%) | Hardness (HRB) | ||
| ASME SA179 | SA179 | 0.06-0.18 | / | 0.27-0.63 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | / | / | / | ≥325 | ≥180 | ≥35 | ≤72 |
| ASME SA192 | SA192 | 0.06-0.18 | ≤0.25 | 0.27-0.63 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | / | / | / | ≥325 | ≥180 | ≥35 | ≤77 | ASME SA210 | A1 | ≤0.27 | ≥0.10 | ≤0.93 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | / | / | / | ≥415 | ≥255 | ≥30 | ≤79 |
| C | ≤0.35 | ≥0.10 | 0.29-1.06 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | / | / | / | ≥485 | ≥275 | ≥30 | ≤89 | |
| ASTM A333 /A334 | GR.1 | ≤0.30 | / | 0.4-1.06 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | / | / | / | ≥380 | ≥205 | ≥35 | -45° |
| GR.6 | ≤0.30 | ≥0.10 | 0.29-1.06 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | / | / | / | ≥415 | ≥240 | ≥30 | -45° | |
| GR.8 | ≤0.13 | 0.13-0.32 | ≤0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | / | / | 8.40-9.60 | ≥690 | ≥515 | ≥22 | -195° | |
U bend tubes for heat exchangers applied mostly in oil and gas plants, chemical and petrochemical plants, refineries, power plants and renewable energy plants. Low fin tubes can be supplied in the form of U bends.
U-bend tubes are widely used in heat-exchanger systems. Heat-exchanger equipment on the basis of seamless stainless U-tubes is essential in strategically important and critical fields — nuclear and petrochemical machine building.
| Item | Condition (when) | Tolerance |
|---|---|---|
| Ovality | Nominal bend radius ≤ 2 x nominal OD | less than or equal to 12% |
| 2 x nominal OD < Nominal bend radius ≤ 4 x nominal OD | less than or equal to 10% | |
| Nominal bend radius > 4 x nominal OD | less than or equal to 5% | |
| Nominal bend radius ≤ 2 x nominal OD | 0.75 x nominal wall | |
| Mimimum wall thickness | 2 x nominal OD < Nominal bend radius ≤ 4 x nominal OD | 0.8 x nominal wall |
| Nominal bend radius > 4 x nominal OD | 0.9 x nominal wall | |
| Nominal bend radius ≤ 8" (200mm) | +/-3/64"(1mm) | |
| Bending Radius | 8" (200mm) < Nominal bend radius ≤ 16" (400mm) | +/-1/16"(1mm) |
| Nominal bend radius >16" (400mm) | +/-5/64"(1mm) | |
| Disrance between legs | Max 1/16"(1.5mm) | |
| Wall thinning of bending area | Max 17% | |
| Difference between leg lengths at the ends | Leg length ≤ 16' (4.88m) | +1/8"(3mm) |
| Leg length > 16' (4.88m) | +3/16"(5mm) | |
| Deviation from plane of bend | ≤ 3/16"(1.5mm) | |
| Flattening on bend | ≤ 10% nominal diameter | |
| Straight leg length | ≤5m | +1/8"(3mm) |
| >5m | +3/16(5mm) | |
| Total tube length including radius | ≤6m | +3/16(5mm) |
| >6m | +5/16"(8mm) |
We packs all U Tube bundles in bespoke wooden boxes and separate all U Tubes of different radii using finger pallets to facilitate easy assembly of bundles on receipt.
Any type of packing is available according to customer need to worldwide destinations.
Ceramic lined pipe is made through self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique.
Cast basalt lined steel pipe is composed by lined with cast basalt pipe, outside steel pipe and cement mortar filling between the two layers.
Ceramic tile lined pipes have very uniform coating of specially formulated ceramic material that is affixed to the inner of the pipe.
The material of the rare earth alloy wear-resistant pipe is ZG40CrMnMoNiSiRe, which is also the grade of rare earth alloy steel.
Tubes Erosion Shields are used to protect boiler tubing from the highly erosive effects of high temperatures and pressures thereby greatly extending tube life.
The ASTM A213 T91 seamless tubes are primarily used for boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger.
